In Genesis 32 we encounter an unusual passage where Jacob is said to have wrestled with God. What are we to make of this passage? Did Jacob actually wrestle with God himself?
(Genesis 32:24)"And Jacob was left alone. And a man wrestled with him until the breaking of the day." (ESV)
(Genesis 32:28)"Then he said, Your name shall no longer be called Jacob, but Israel, for you have striven with God and with men, and have prevailed." (ESV)
(Genesis 32:30)"So Jacob called the name of the place Peniel, saying, For I have seen God face to face, and yet my life has been delivered." (ESV)
An important principle in Biblical interpretation is that Scripture interprets Scripture. So we will also look at a passage in Hosea.
(Hosea 12:3-4a)"In the womb he took his brother by the heel, and in his manhood he strove with God. He strove with the angel and prevailed; he wept and sought his favor." (ESV)
From the Hosea passage we see that Jacob strove with the angel. But it also says that he strove with God, as does the passage from Genesis 32. Jacob even named the place Peniel which means the face of God, because he had seen God face to face. We might say that Jacob wrestled with God through the angel. In a sense Jacob did wrestle with God, but it seems that the actual figure he wrestled with was the angel.
Jacob was transformed by this encounter. The God of Abraham and Isaac had now become the God of Jacob as well. His name was changed from Jacob to Israel. Jacob means he cheats or he deceives, while Israel means he strives with God.
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